Ganjam is one of the most natural disaster-prone districts of costal Odisha. The modern Ganjam carved out of the Vizag district of Madras Presidency and came into existence on 31.03.1936. Ganjam district is broadly divided into two divisions, the coastal plains area in the east and hill and table lands in the west. The Eastern Ghats run along the western side of the district. The plains lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. Since the hills are close to the sea, the rivers flowing from hills are not very long and are subject to sudden floods. The plains are narrow because of the absence of big rivers. The coastal plains in the east contain more fertile and irrigated lands. Towards the center and south it is hilly with beautiful well-watered valley. The south eastern portion is fertile. The extreme north east is occupied by a portion of the famous Chilika lake, spreading over an area of 8206.0 Sq.km. The district is surrounded by Kandhamal in the North-West, Nayagarh in the North, Khurda in the North-East, Gajapati district in the West and Bay of Bengal in the South-East. On its Southern periphery the district borders the state of Andhra Pradesh.
Ganjam district is broadly divided into three Sub-divisions spreading over an area of Ganjam economy is predominantly agrarian. Around 80 percentage of the population depends on agriculture and allied activities. The long sea and Chilika coast line is a source of rich marine products and lime shells. Ganjam is a major salt producing district in the state. The district has a geographical area of 871,000 ha. Gajam is having a population of 3,529,031 including 1,779,218 male and 1,749,813 female as per 2011 census. The total SC population of the district is 688,235 and ST population is 118,928 as per 2011 census. The average literacy rate of the district is 71.88 percent comprising of 81.85 percent male literacy and 61.84 percent female literacy. Ganjam district is having 3 subdivisions, 22 blocks, 14 Tahasils, 475 GPs and 18 urban areas. Agriculture is the primary occupation of inhabitants of this district. However due to inadequate irrigation and less fertile land, output of agro products falls short of expectation in this district.
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Geographical Area and Population details of the District |
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Geographical Area : |
8,070.60 sq.km |
Area under Forest : |
385.00 sq.km |
4.77 % |
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Agro climatic Zone |
East & South Eastern Coastal Plain Zone |
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Population ( 2011 Census ) |
Total |
3,529,031 |
in % |
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Male |
1,779,218 |
50.42 |
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Female |
1,749,813 |
49.58 |
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Scheduled Caste |
688,235 |
19.50 |
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Scheduled Tribe |
118,928 |
3.37 |
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Population Density : |
429 (Per sq.km) |
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Literacy |
Total Literate : |
2,210,050 |
71.88 |
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Households |
Total Households : |
758,267 |
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Administrative Setup of Ganjam District |
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No. of Sub-Divisions |
3 |
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No. of Tehsils |
23 |
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No. of Municipalities/Corporation |
1 |
No. of N.A.Cs |
17 |
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No. of Blocks |
22 |
No. of Police Stations |
35 |
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No. of Gram Panchayats |
475 |
No. of Inhabited Villages |
2838 |
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No. of Uninhabited Villages |
412 |
No. of villages |
3250 |
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Normal Rainfall |
1276.2 mm |
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Total forest area |
315000 ha |
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Total cultivated area |
393000 ha |
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Total irrigated area |
268597 ha |
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Cropping intensity |
181% |
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Fertilizer Consumption |
56.41 kg/ha |
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Agro-climatic Zone |
East and South East Coastal Plain Zone |
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Geographical Area |
8,71,000 ha |
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Cultivated Area |
4,06,000 ha |
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High Land |
1,90,820 ha (47% of cultivated area) |
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Medium Land |
1,13,680 ha (28% of cultivated area) |
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Low land |
1,01,500 ha (25% of cultivated area) |
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Irrigation Potential |
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Kharif Area Irrigated |
3,13,038 ha |
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Rabi Area Irrigated |
69,781 ha |
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Soil Type |
Laterite soil, Black cotton soil, Red |
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Average annual rainfall |
1276.2mm |
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Cropping Intensity |
181 % |
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Major crops grown |
Paddy, Maize, Ragi, Greengram, Blackgram, Arhar, Groundnut, Vegetables, Sugarcane, Chilly, Ginger, Cotton etc. |
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Sl. No |
Name of the crop |
Kharif |
Rabi |
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A* |
Y** |
P*** |
A* |
Y** |
P*** |
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01 |
Paddy |
251.86 |
2555 |
139.88 |
0.54 |
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02 |
Green gram |
3.58 |
455 |
1.63 |
155.84 |
521 |
81.19 |
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03 |
Ragi |
45.0 |
895 |
40.28 |
0.94 |
1003 |
2.44 |
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04 |
Black gram |
16.38 |
466 |
7.63 |
32.80 |
468 |
15.35 |
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05 |
Groundnut |
11.40 |
1250 |
14.25 |
18.68 |
1928 |
36.02 |
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06 |
Seas mum |
11.63 |
414 |
4.81 |
14.57 |
420 |
6.12 |
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07 |
Pigeonpea |
13.6 |
934 |
12.7 |
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08 |
Maize |
10.95 |
2282 |
27.66 |
0.93 |
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09 |
Horsegram |
11.92 |
378 |
4.51 |
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10 |
Sunflower |
0.49 |
1115 |
0.55 |
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Name of Commodity |
Area (ha) / No. |
Total Production /year |
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Fishery Production |
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Freshwater |
10850 ha |
37000MT |
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Brackish water |
4062 ha |
1320 MT |
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Cost line 60 km |
0 |
12320 MT |
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Livestock Production |
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Dairy |
9.73 lakhs |
64.55 MT milk |
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Poultry (Million Nos. of eggs) |
14.37 lakhs |
1624.84 |
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Goatery |
2.18 lakhs |
2311 MT meat |
Paddy-
Early- Khandagiri, Jogesh, Sidhant, Bina and Sahbhagidhan
Medium- Lalat, MTU-1001, Swarna, Pratikshya, Gitanjali, Nabeen, Satabdi
Low- CR-1018, Pooja, Ketakijoha, Manaswani, Swarna Sub-1- Flood Tolerant variety), Sarala
Hybrid Rice- CRHR-32, JKRH-401, Arize-6444G, BS-6444G, Suruchi-5629, 25P25, Ajaya, Rajalakhmi (CRHR-5)
Costal Saline- Luna Sampad, Luna Subarna
Blackgram- Sarala, Ujala, Prasad, Mahuri, T-9, PU-19, PU-30, TU-94-2, WBU-108, KU 300 & 301
Greengram- Dhauli, PDM- 54, OBGG-52 (Durga), OUM-11-5 (Kamdev), K-851, Sujata TARM-1
Groundnut- TG 37A, TG 51, TG 38, TAG 24, Devi, Smruti,
Sesame - Uma, Usha, Nirmala, Prachi, Amrit, Vinayak, Kanaka, Kalika, Smarak,